The main function of 子 is to transform one-syllable nouns into two-syllable nouns.
椅 — 椅子 裤 — 裤子 刀 — 刀子
Pay attention
In Chinese, two-syllable words are most commonly used. Thus, it is possible to avoid homonymy. Homonymy means that one syllable has more than one meaning.
You can use 子 to transform an adjective into a noun.These words usually have a derogatory connotation or a touch of irony.
胖 — 胖子 瞎 — 瞎子 疯 — 疯子
You can also use 子 to address someone by their first or last name.
For example, if the name is 金龙 , you can add 子 when addressing this person: 金子 addresses him by his surname and 龙子 addresses him by his first name.
Examples
小龙子,吃饭了吗?
Xiao Longzi, have you eaten yet?
xiǎo lóngzi, chīfàn le ma
家
The suffix 家 is used to form nouns that denote a profession or a field:
作家 画家 政治家
家 is also used to form the plural of nouns:
咱家 女人家 孩子家 人家
员
The profession is also indicated by the suffix 员 :
服务员 售货员 炊事员
员 is also used to form nouns denoting committee members, members of society and staff members:
国会会员 官员 生员
者
The suffix 者 is used to form nouns with the meaning "a person who...":
后 — 后者 消费 — 消费者 失败 — 失败者
Some job titles are formed in the following way:
记者 编者
The suffix 者 is also used to form some adverbs of time.
For example, 今者 .
头
The suffix 头 is used to form nouns that usually denote rounded or cylindrical objects:
木头 石头 拳头
Pay attention
This suffix is derived from the noun 头 .
头 is used to form some adjectives that mean disapproval or contempt for someone:
老实头 滑头
If 头 is placed after last names and combined with the word 老 . This expresses respect and love. For example:
老张头 老叶头
If a word is derived from a verb, 头 means that the action is really worth doing.
In this case, the suffix 儿 is often placed after 头:
Examples
有看头儿
it’s worth watching
yǒu kàn tóur
没有讲头儿
there is nothing to talk about
méi yǒu jiǎng tóur
头 is used to form nouns meaning time and place:
年头 钟头 前头 上头
巴
The suffix 巴 is used to form only a few nouns. These nouns most often denote the protruding parts of the human or animal body:
下巴 尾巴 嘴巴
It is also used to form a small amount of unrelated words:
泥巴 干巴 淋巴