The structure 一边…一边… expresses simultaneous tasks which are happening at the same time. The actions can be expressed by verbs or verb phrases.
Examples
一边说一边笑
Laughing while talking
yìbiān shuō yìbiān xiào
Sentences with this structure can have either one or two subjects.
Let's look at both cases.
A sentence with one subject
If the subject is the same in both parts, it should come before the whole structure.
Scheme
subject
who?
一边
action 1
一边
action 2
Examples
她一边跳一边唱
She is singing while dancing
tā yìbiān tiào yìbiān chàng
你能一边读书一边吃冰淇淋吗?
Can you read and eat ice cream at the same time?
nĭ néng yìbiān dú shū yìbiān chī bīngqílín ma
This structure can be used not only in the present tense, but also in the past and future tenses.
Examples
去年我一直一边上学,一边打工
Last year I went to school and worked part-time at the same time
qùnián wǒ yìzhí yìbiān shàngxué, yìbiān dǎgōng
Pay attention
If there are only verbs after 一边, they usually have the same number of syllables to keep the rhythm in the sentence. So both of the verbs should be either single-syllable or multisyllable.
For the same reason, we should use both of the verbs either with complements or without complements.
In colloquial speech, 一边 may be shortened to 边.
Examples
她边说边哭
She is talking while she is crying
tā biān shuō biān kū
Pay attention
This is only acceptable if the sentence has one subject.
A sentence with two subjects
If there are two subjects, each of them come before the first and the second 一边.