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The negative particles 未 and 勿
The negative particles 未 and 勿
We use both 未 and 勿 to make a negation. However their usage is slightly different.
HSK 6
new HSK 7-9
Particles
Negative sentences
The negative particle 未
We use the negative particle
未
to express the
current state of a situation
. It is usually stated before a verb and forms an adjective with it.
Examples
他们衣服肮脏,头发
未
洗
Their clothes are dirty and their hair is unwashed
tāmen yīfu āngzang, tóufa wèi xǐ
未
使用元素
unused elements
wèi shǐyòng yuánsù
Pay attention
Sometimes 未 is used as part of terms. For example:
未成年
未婚
When we use it in the past tense, it has the meaning “not yet”. It is often used alongside
从
or
从来
“never before”.
Examples
我以前
从
未
见过他
I've never seen him before
wǒ yǐqián cóng wèi jiànguò tā
他至今还
未
和我联系
He hasn't contacted me yet
tā zhìjīn hái wèi hé wǒ liánxì
The negative particle 勿
We use the negative particle
勿
to express that an action
should not be done
. We should state it before a predicate which is expressed by a verb.
Examples
请
勿
进入
Please do not enter
qǐng wù jìnrù
勿
为他人成功而牺牲生活
Don't sacrifice your life for the success of others
wù wèi tārén chénggōng ér xīshēng shēnghuó
Pay attention
The negative particle 勿 is often used on the prohibitive signs.
Learn more
The adverbs with the meaning of “never”
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