Expressing "to cause" with 造成 and 引起
Both verbs have the same meaning. They mean "to cause", but they are not used the same.
The verb 造成
The verb expresses a negative result of some action(s).
Examples
炸弹造成大面积破坏
The bomb caused significant damage
zhàdàn zàochéng dà miànjī pòhuài
背疼可能是不良姿势造成
A backache can be caused by poor posture
bèi téng kěnéng shì bù liáng zīshì zàochéng de
国家孤立只会造成经济和文化贫困
National isolation only causes economic and cultural poverty
guójiā gūlì zhǐ huì zàochéng jīngjì hé wénhuà pínkùn
The verb 引起
The verb can express either a positive or negative result of some action(s) or phenomena.
Examples
裁判的话引起了公愤
The judge’s statements have sparked outrage
cáipàn de huà yǐnqǐ le gōngfèn
这项建议引起众多的关注
This offer has drawn much attention
zhè xiàng jiànyì yǐnqǐ zhòngduō de guānzhù
汽车引起污染,既有烟雾又有酸雨
Cars cause pollution such as smog and acid rain
qìchē yǐnqǐ wūrǎn, jì yǒu yānwù yòu yǒu suānyǔ
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